借助Dubbo可以实现基于SOA架构的软件设计。
Apache Dubbo是一款高性能的Java RPC框架。其前身是阿里巴巴公司开源的一个高性能、轻量级的开源Java RPC框架,可以和Spring框架无缝集成。【RPC Remote Process Callable 表示远程调用的意思】
简单一句话就是做分布式开发的
Dubbo:推荐使用dubbo协议(NIO,需要序列化数据)
优势:快
劣势: 开发语言不通用 (平台不通用)
SpringCloud:推荐使用HTTP协议(不需要序列化数据)
优势:开发语言非常通用(和语言,平台无关)
劣势:比dubbo稍慢
案例分为服务提供者和服务消费者,简单来说就是主服务器跟分服务器
去官方下载 Zookeeper 。
双击打开后(打开即可,记住本地IP与端口号,不用关闭)
编写pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>dubbodemo_provider</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbodemo_provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.32.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!--zookeeper依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
编写web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!--Spring监听器读取:dubbo-provider.xml-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:dubbo-provider.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
编写dubbo-provider.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--1.给当前服务定义服务名称-->
<!--服务名称:用于分布式环境区分每个服务(必须唯一) -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_provider"/>
<!--2.把当前服务注册到zookeeper(注册中心)-->
<!--address: zookeeper注册地址-->
<!--填写本地IP地址-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.73.1:2181"/>
<!--3.配置dubbo的协议-->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!--4.配置扫描Dubbo服务实现-->
<dubbo:annotation package="dt2008.service"/>
</beans>
编写服务接口HelloService
package dt2008.service;
public interface HelloService {
public String sayHello(String name);
}
编写服务实现HelloServiceImpl
package dt2008.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import dt2008.service.HelloService;
//这里必须使用阿里巴巴的注解:com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello," + name;
}
}
OK,主服务器端已经写完了,然后通过idea的tomcat启动即可 注意:端口记得要切换
编写pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>dubbodemo_consumer</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbodemo_consumer</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.6</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.32.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
编写web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!--配置SpringMVC核心控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:dubbo-consumer.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
编写dubbo-consumer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--原来的SpringMVC的配置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="dt2008.web"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--Dubbo的消费方配置-->
<!--1.定义服务名称-->
<dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_consumer"/>
<!--2.从zookeeper拉取/获取服务提供-->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.73.1:2181"/>
<!--3.配置扫描@Reference注解-->
<dubbo:annotation package="dt2008.web"/>
</beans>
编写HelloService
package dt2008.service;
public interface HelloService {
String sayHello(String name);
}
编写HelloController
package dt2008.web;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import dt2008.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
//在服务消费方远程调用服务提供方的方法
@Reference // 必须导入阿里巴巴的包:com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference
private HelloService helloService;
@RequestMapping("/hello")
@ResponseBody
public String sayHello(){
//远程方法调用
String result = helloService.sayHello("itcast");
return result;
}
}
好了,现在启动tomcat访问分服务器即可。
希望这边文章对您有帮助。
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